Mineki Saito    Department   Kawasaki Medical School  Kawasaki Medical School, Department of Microbiology,    Position   Professor
Article types	原著
Language	English
Peer review	Peer reviewed
Title	Unique directional motility of influenza C virus controlled by its filamentous morphology and short-range motions
Journal	Formal name：Journal of Virology Abbreviation：J Virol ISSN code：0022538X/10985514
Domestic / Foregin	Foregin
Publisher	American society for microbiology
Volume, Issue, Page	92(2)
Author and coauthor	Sakai Tatsuya, Takagi Hiroaki, Muraki Yasushi, Saito Mineki
Authorship	Last author
Publication date	2018/01
Summary	Influenza virus motility is based on cooperation between two viral spike proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), and is a major determinant of virus infectivity. To translocate a virus particle on the cell surface, HA molecules exchange viral receptors and NA molecules accelerate the receptor exchange of HA. This type of virus motility was recently identified in influenza A virus (IAV). To determine if other influenza virus types have a similar receptor-exchange mechanism-driven motility, we investigated influenza C virus (ICV) motility on a receptor-fixed glass surface. This system excludes receptor mobility, which makes it more optimal than a cell surface for demonstrating virus motility by receptor-exchange. Like IAV, ICV was observed to move across the receptor-fixed surface. However, in contrast with the random movement of IAV, a filamentous ICV strain, Ann Arbor/1/50 (AA), moved straight, in a directed manner, and at a constant rate, whereas a spherical ICV strain, Taylor/1233/47 (Taylor), moved randomly, similar to IAV. The AA and Taylor viruses each moved with a combination of gradual (crawling) and rapid (gliding) motions, but the lengths of crawling and gliding for the AA virus were shorter than those of the Taylor virus. Our findings indicate that, like IAV, ICV also has a motility that is driven by the receptor-exchange mechanism. However, compared with IAV movement, filamentous ICV movement is highly regulated in both direction and speed. Control of ICV movement is based on its specific motility employing short crawling and gliding motions as well as its own filamentous morphology.
DOI	doi: 10.1128/JVI.01522-17