Masahito Mihara    Department   Kawasaki Medical School  Kawasaki Medical School, Department of Neurology,    Position   Professor
Article types	原著
Language	English
Peer review	Peer reviewed
Title	Motor Imagery Training With Neurofeedback From the Frontal Pole Facilitated Sensorimotor Cortical Activity and Improved Hand Dexterity.
Journal	Formal name：Frontiers in neuroscience Abbreviation：Front Neurosci ISSN code：16624548/1662453X
Domestic / Foregin	Foregin
Volume, Issue, Page	14,pp.34
Author and coauthor	Ota Yuya, Takamoto Kouichi, Urakawa Susumu, Nishimaru Hiroshi, Matsumoto Jumpei, Takamura Yusaku, Mihara Masahito, Ono Taketoshi, Nishijo Hisao
Publication date	2020/01/29
Summary	To develop a real-time neurofeedback system from the anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for motor rehabilitation, we investigated the effects of motor imagery training with neurofeedback from the aPFC on hand dexterity and cerebral hemodynamic activity during a motor rehabilitation task. Thirty-one right-handed healthy subjects participated in this study. They received motor imagery training six times for 2 weeks under fNIRS neurofeedback from the aPFC, in which they were instructed to increase aPFC activity. The real group subjects (n = 16) were shown real fNIRS neurofeedback signals from the aPFC, whereas the sham group subjects (n = 15) were shown irrelevant randomized signals during neurofeedback training. Before and after the training, hand dexterity was assessed by a motor rehabilitation task, during which cerebral hemodynamic activity was also measured. The results indicated that aPFC activity was increased during the training, and performance improvement rates in the rehabilitation task after the training was increased in the real group when compared with the sham group. Improvement rates of mean aPFC activity across the training were positively correlated with performance improvement rates in the motor rehabilitation task. During the motor rehabilitation task after the training, the hemodynamic activity in the left somatosensory motor-related areas [premotor area (PM), primary motor area (M1), and primary somatosensory area (S1)] was increased in the real group, whereas the hemodynamic activity was increased in the supplementary motor area in the sham group. This hemodynamic activity increases in the somatosensory motor-related areas after the training correlated with aPFC activity during the last 2 days of motor imagery training. Furthermore, improvement rates of M1 hemodynamic activity after the training was positively correlated with performance improvement rates in the motor rehabilitation task. The res
DOI	10.3389/fnins.2020.00034
PMID	32116496